data_plot <- qplot(x_test, y_test_obs) + geom_line(aes(y=y_test_fit))+ theme_bw() print(data_plot) linear_model_test <- gam(y_test_obs~x_test) nested_gam_model_test <- gam(y_test_obs~s(x_test)+x_test) print(anova(linear_model_test, nested_gam_model_test, test="Chisq")) summary(nested_gam_model_test)$s.table